Multiple pregnancy, in the context of fetal medicine, refers to a pregnancy where more than one fetus is developing in the womb. It typically refers to pregnancies with twins, triplets, or even higher numbers of fetuses, such as quadruplets or quintuplets.

Multiple pregnancies can occur naturally when a woman releases multiple eggs during ovulation or when a fertilised egg splits into two or more embryos. They can also occur with the help of assisted reproductive technologies like in vitro fertilisation (IVF), where multiple embryos are often transferred to increase the chances of pregnancy.

Fetal medicine plays an important role in the care and management of multiple pregnancies due to the increased complexity and potential risks involved. The healthcare providers, including obstetricians and maternal-fetal medicine specialists, closely monitor the health and development of each fetus throughout the pregnancy.

Multiple pregnancies may require more frequent prenatal visits and specialised monitoring to assess the growth and well-being of each individual fetus. This may involve regular ultrasound scans to evaluate fetal growth, monitor amniotic fluid levels, and check the blood flow to each fetus. Additionally, specific screening tests or genetic assessments may be recommended to assess the risk of certain complications associated with multiple pregnancies.

Some of the common risks and complications associated with multiple pregnancies include preterm birth, low birth weight, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (in identical twins), and other potential complications related to the placenta or umbilical cords.

The healthcare team will work closely with the expectant mother to provide appropriate care, monitoring, and support throughout the pregnancy. They will discuss any potential risks, provide guidance on lifestyle adjustments, and develop a comprehensive management plan to optimise the health and well-being of both the mother and the babies.

It’s important to note that multiple pregnancies require specialised care, and the healthcare team will tailor their approach based on the specific needs and circumstances of each pregnancy. Regular communication with healthcare providers is crucial to ensure the best possible outcomes for both the mother and the babies in a multiple pregnancy.